A good lower 2nd Class Honours degree (or equivalent) in a relevant subject (European studies; politics; history; social sciences; law); in addition candidates whose entry qualifications were not assessed in English must have attained a level of competence in English at least equivalent to an IELTS score of 6 or a TOEFL score of 560; non-graduates are considered provided they satisfy general University requirements and possess appropriate professional qualifications or experience; a foundation course in European studies is available for students deficient in this area.